What is Axillary Node Dissection and How to Use it in Cancer Treatment?
Overview
Axillary node dissection is a surgical procedure typically performed to assess the extent of breast cancer spread. During the procedure, lymph nodes in the axilla, or armpit area, are removed and examined for cancer cells. This helps determine the stage of cancer and guides further treatment decisions.
Key Information
The axillary lymph nodes are a key part of the lymphatic system, which helps fight infections and diseases. In breast cancer, these nodes are often the first location where cancer cells spread outside the breast. The procedure can be performed as part of a mastectomy or as a standalone surgery.
Clinical Significance
Axillary node dissection provides crucial information about cancer staging, which is vital for planning treatment. It helps oncologists decide on the necessity of additional treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation. The procedure has become less common with the advent of [sentinel lymph node biopsy](https://beatcancer.eu/what-is-a-sentinel-lymph-node-biopsy-how-to-prepare-and-how-to-use-the-results/), which is less invasive.
Treatment & Management
Axillary node dissection is usually recommended when a sentinel lymph node biopsy indicates cancer presence. Post-surgery, patients may experience swelling, pain, or limited arm movement, which can be managed with physical therapy and medications. The risk of lymphedema, a condition of localized fluid retention, is a potential complication.
Patient Resources
Patients undergoing axillary node dissection can access various resources for support and education. Organizations like the American Cancer Society provide detailed guides and support groups. Rehabilitation services are also available to help manage post-surgical symptoms and improve quality of life.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the purpose of axillary node dissection?
It is performed to determine if breast cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, helping to stage the cancer and guide treatment.
- What are the risks associated with axillary node dissection?
Risks include infection, bleeding, lymphedema, and reduced range of motion in the shoulder.
- How does axillary node dissection differ from sentinel lymph node biopsy?
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is less invasive and involves removing fewer nodes, while axillary node dissection involves removing more nodes for a thorough examination.