What Are Sessile Serrated Lesions and How to Detect Them
Overview
Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) are abnormal growths in the colon that have the potential to turn into cancer if left untreated. Unlike traditional polyps, SSLs have a flat shape and are often more challenging to detect during colonoscopies. Understanding these lesions is crucial because they account for a significant portion of colorectal cancers.
Key Information
Sessile serrated lesions are found predominantly in the proximal colon. Their detection is essential because they can progress to colorectal cancer through the serrated pathway, which differs from the conventional adenoma-carcinoma sequence. SSLs are often asymptomatic, which means they are usually discovered during screening procedures like colonoscopies.
- SSLs are more common in women than men.
- They are often larger than 5 mm in size when detected.
- Risk factors include age, family history of colorectal cancer, and certain genetic syndromes.
Clinical Significance
The clinical significance of sessile serrated lesions lies in their potential to develop into colorectal cancer. They are considered precursors to a type of cancer that can be aggressive if not identified early. Regular screening and surveillance are vital for individuals at risk to prevent progression to malignancy.
Treatment & Management
The primary treatment for sessile serrated lesions is removal during a colonoscopy. This procedure is known as a polypectomy. Follow-up surveillance is often recommended, as individuals with SSLs may be at an increased risk for developing additional lesions or colorectal cancer. The frequency of surveillance colonoscopies depends on the size and number of lesions found.
Patient Resources
Patients diagnosed with sessile serrated lesions can benefit from resources that provide information on colorectal cancer prevention and the importance of regular screening. Organizations like the American Cancer Society offer educational materials and support for individuals undergoing treatment or surveillance for SSLs.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What are the symptoms of sessile serrated lesions?
Sessile serrated lesions usually do not cause symptoms and are often found during routine colonoscopies.
- How are sessile serrated lesions detected?
They are primarily detected through colonoscopy, where a doctor examines the colon lining and removes any suspicious lesions.
- Are sessile serrated lesions cancerous?
While not cancerous themselves, SSLs are considered precancerous and can develop into cancer if not removed.
- What is the treatment for sessile serrated lesions?
The standard treatment is removal during a colonoscopy, followed by regular surveillance to monitor for new lesions.