Cancer Dictionary

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive medical test that physicians use to diagnose medical conditions. It utilizes a powerful magnetic field, radio waves, and a computer to produce detailed pictures of the inside of the body. MRI can be used to examine various parts of the body, including the brain, spine, joints, abdomen, blood vessels, and heart.

Melanoma is a type of cancer that originates from the pigment-producing cells, melanocytes. Most commonly found in the skin, it can also occur in the eyes (ocular melanoma) or other parts of the body. Melanoma is notorious for its rapid spread and high mortality rate, particularly if not detected early. Sun exposure is a key risk factor, emphasizing the importance of protection and surveillance.

Metastasis is a medical term referring to the process by which cancer cells spread from the initial tumor site to other parts of the body via the blood or lymph system, forming secondary tumors or 'metastases'. This ability largely defines a cancer's aggressiveness and has significant implications for treatment strategies and prognosis.

Monoclonal antibodies are laboratory-made proteins that mimic the immune system's ability to fight off harmful pathogens such as viruses. They are specially engineered to target a specific disease-causing agent, enhancing the body's natural responses against the disease. They are used in various therapies including cancer and autoimmune diseases treatments.