Cancer-Related Dictionary

A mammogram is a specialized medical imaging procedure used to screen and diagnose breast diseases, primarily cancer, in women. It involves taking X-ray pictures of the breast to detect early signs of cancer, often before physical symptoms develop. Mammograms are recommended annually for women of certain age groups or those with increased risk.

A mastectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove one or both breasts, often used as a treatment for breast cancer. The extent of tissue removal can vary, from partial (removing the cancerous part) to total (removing the entire breast). It is a critical decision usually made after considering other treatment options, risk factors, and personal preferences.

A "Modified Radical Mastectomy" refers to a surgical procedure for breast cancer treatment, where the entire breast, most underarm lymph nodes, and often the lining over the chest muscles are removed, but the chest muscles themselves are preserved. This procedure has lesser physical impact compared to a radical mastectomy, yet still offers extensive therapy for aggressive breast cancers.