Cancer-Related Dictionary

Gene expression profiling is a technique used to measure the activity of thousands of genes at once to understand their involvement in various cellular processes. This information helps scientists and doctors determine how genes are turned on or off in different types of cells, which can be crucial for diagnosing diseases, understanding cancer progression, and personalizing treatments.

Gene silencing is a process through which a gene's expression is reduced or entirely prevented, meaning the gene is not used to make its protein product. This can occur naturally in cells or be induced artificially, and is a crucial mechanism for regulating gene activity and maintaining cellular function.

Genetic testing is a type of medical test that identifies changes in chromosomes, genes, or proteins. These changes can confirm or rule out a suspected genetic condition or help determine a person's chance of developing or passing on a genetic disorder. This advanced science aids in the detection and prevention of multiple health conditions, making it a key component in personalized medicine.

Genomic testing is a type of medical test that decodes the information within an individual's DNA. It examines the genetic makeup to identify genetic variants, which can help predict susceptibility to certain diseases, guide treatment plans, or evaluate how an individual might respond to certain drugs.