Cancer-Related Dictionary

"B-cell lymphoma" is a type of cancer that forms in B cells, a type of white blood cell that helps the body fight off infections. It is mainly characterized by the abnormal growth and division of B cells, often leading to the development of tumors, commonly in lymph nodes, but possibly anywhere the lymph system exists.

Basal cell carcinoma refers to a type of skin cancer that originates in the basal cells, which produce new skin cells to replace old ones. It often manifests as a waxy or shiny bump, or as a red, scaly patch on skin regularly exposed to the sun. Being the most common type of skin cancer, early detection and treatment can prevent complications.

Bladder cancer is a malignant growth within the bladder, an organ that stores urine. The most common type, transitional cell carcinoma, originates from cells lining the bladder. Risk factors include smoking, chemical exposure, and chronic infections. Symptoms often include hematuria, discomfort during urination, and lower back pain. Early detection and treatment are vital.

Breast cancer is a malignancy originating in the breast tissue, where cells begin to grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor. This tumor can potentially invade nearby tissues and, if left untreated, can spread to distant parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. It is the most common cancer among women globally. Detecting breast cancer early through regular screenings like mammograms and employing a range of treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment and recovery.

Burkitt lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a fast-growing and aggressive cancer of the lymphatic system. It predominantly affects children and is named after Denis Burkitt, who first identified this disease in African children in 1958. Common symptoms include fever, night sweats, and significant weight loss.