Cancer Dictionary

Cancer Stage (I, II, III, IV) refers to the extent of cancer spread in the body, determined by the size and location of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and whether the disease has metastasized. Stage I usually indicates a small tumor confined to the origin site. Stage II and III show larger tumors or greater spread to nearby tissues and nodes. Stage IV symbolizes advanced cancer that has spread to distant parts of the body.

Carcinoma is a type of cancer that starts in cells making up the skin or the tissue lining organs, such as the liver or kidneys. Unlike sarcomas, carcinomas originate in epithelial cells, including those in glandular tissues. These cancers can affect many parts of the body, often leading to specific symptoms based on their location and stage. Treatment typically involves a combination of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy.

A "Complete response" in a healthcare context typically refers to the total disappearance of all detectable signs and symptoms of disease, often as a result of treatment. It indicates a positive outcome where the individual shows no further evidence of the illness. However, it doesn't guarantee that the disease is permanently cured. It's an important effect reported in clinical trials and cancer treatment.

"Cribriform" is a term used in anatomy and histology, referring to a structure that appears perforated or sieve-like. The term is frequently used to describe a structural pattern characterized by numerous round, small openings - resembling a sieve. This term is often mentioned with the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone in the skull or in pathological processes like cribriform carcinoma.