Cancer Dictionary

Tomotherapy is a unique type of radiation therapy used in cancer treatment. It combines the precision of 3D imaging with rotational delivery of radiation, precisely targeting the tumor from all angles. This technique helps to minimize exposure to healthy tissue, thereby reducing side effects. Tomotherapy offers the advantage of adjusting doses to match a tumor’s size, shape and location.

Capsule endoscopy is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure involving a patient swallowing a small, pill-sized camera. The camera travels through the gastrointestinal tract, capturing images that help detect abnormalities such as polyps, inflammatory disease, or ulcers. It's typically used when traditional endoscopy is inconclusive or impractical.

A prophylactic mastectomy is a preventive surgical procedure performed to remove one or both breasts to minimize the risk of developing breast cancer. It is typically considered by individuals with a high risk of breast cancer due to genetic mutations or a strong family history of the disease.

"Anterior Resection" refers to a surgical procedure typically performed on patients with rectal or colon cancer. It involves the removal of the affected part of the rectum or colon and then reattaching the remaining sections to restore digestive function. The procedure involves delicate and complex surgery aiming at retaining bowel function while removing the cancer.

Axillary dissection is a surgical procedure used to remove lymph nodes found in the armpit region or "axilla", primarily performed on patients with breast cancer. This operation helps determine the stage of the cancer and guides treatment decisions by revealing if the cancer has spread to these lymph nodes.